Eicosapentaenoic acid
Eicosapentaenoic acid, or simply EPA, is one of the omega-3
polyunsaturated fatty acids. EPA plays an important role in
the regulation of biological functions of the body. Researchers
believe that EPA has anti-inflammatory properties. It is also
believed that EPA can help maintain normal blood pressure
and support healthy immune system.
Insufficient amounts of omega-3 fatty acids in today’s
diet can lead to mood disorders. Several studies show that
patients with ADD and ADHD have a lower content of these fatty
acids. Researchers also believe that lower levels of omega-3
fatty acids can lead to problems with behavior, sleep, immune
function, and learning.
Cold-water fish such as salmon, herring, tuna, cod, trout,
shrimp and mackerel are excellent sources of omega-3 fatty
acids.
Health benefits of EPA*
- Has anti-inflammatory properties
- Supports normal immune system functioning
- Assists in proper functioning of the brain
- May reduce the risk of diabetes, inflammatory bowel syndrome,
and high blood pressure
- May lower cholesterol
- May improve skin conditions associated with auto-immune
inflammatory disorders
Recommended intakes of EPA and DHA have not been established
by the FDA. Many nutritionists suggest we consume a minimum
of two portions of oily fish per week (e.g., salmon). Supporting
this notion, the AHA (American Heart Association) recommends
two servings of fish per week to support cardiovascular health.
Two 4-ounce servings of salmon contain roughly 3.0 total grams
of EPA and DHA (or 6.0 g per week).
The prevailing need for this nutrient seems to range between
0.5 g and 2.0 g per day (500–2000 mg), depending upon
the individual. As there appears to be some evidence
that psoriasis and essential fatty acids are linked, we suggest
2.0 g per day.
As omega-3 fatty acids can decrease coagulation properties
in the blood, they should only be used in consultation with
a physician by individuals prone to bruising easily, those
with a bleeding disorder, or anyone taking blood-thinning
medications, and should be discontinued prior to surgery according
to your surgeon’s recommendations. Always consult a
physician before starting a supplement regime.
Primary qualities in choosing a DHA supplement include freshness
and purity. Adverse effects such as fishy aftertaste, fishy
burps, and nausea can typically be averted by using with enteric-coated
versions.
* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and
Drug Administration.
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Principal Author: M. Ofiyeva
Date of Initial Publication: 07/05/2007
Article Last Updated: 08/26/2009
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